Combine sea salt, chili powder, garlic powder, smoked paprika, and cumin.
Generously rub the seasoning mixture over the chuck beef.
Preheat a cast-iron skillet over medium-high heat and add canola oil.
Once the oil begins to smoke, add the seasoned beef to the skillet. Cook for 3-5 minutes on each side until a crust forms.
After flipping the beef, add the sliced poblano, jalapeño, and onion to the skillet, along with the smashed garlic.
Pour the water and chicken bouillon into the skillet, being careful not to pour directly over the beef.
Cover the skillet and transfer it to a preheated oven at 365°F (185°C).
Braise for 1.5 to 2 hours, or until the beef is fork-tender.